Micron Document
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Halbmetalle</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" class="hintergrundfarbe1 float-right" style="border:1px #AAAAAA solid;">
<caption><span style="font-size:14pt;"><b><a href="Metalle" title="Metalle">◄</a></b></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>Halbmetalle</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="font-size:14pt;"><b><a href="Nichtmetalle" title="Nichtmetalle">►</a></b></span>
</caption>
<tbody><tr>
<td colspan="2" style="background:#FFFFFF;">
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<table class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center; border-collapse: collapse;">

<tbody><tr>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #BAEEAB;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Wasserstoff" title="Wasserstoff"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 1: Wasserstoff (H), Nichtmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td colspan="30">
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #D7EEFD;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Helium" title="Helium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 2: Helium (He), Edelgas">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FFC1AA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Lithium" title="Lithium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 3: Lithium (Li), Alkalimetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FFD8AA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Beryllium" title="Beryllium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 4: Beryllium (Be), Erdalkalimetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td colspan="24">
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #000000; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #CD853F;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Bor" title="Bor"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 5: Bor (B), Halbmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #BAEEAB;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Kohlenstoff" title="Kohlenstoff"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 6: Kohlenstoff (C), Nichtmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #BAEEAB;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Stickstoff" title="Stickstoff"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 7: Stickstoff (N), Nichtmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #BAEEAB;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Sauerstoff" title="Sauerstoff"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 8: Sauerstoff (O), Nichtmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #EEEEAA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Fluor" title="Fluor"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 9: Fluor (F), Halogen">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #D7EEFD;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Neon" title="Neon"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 10: Neon (Ne), Edelgas">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FFC1AA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Natrium" title="Natrium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 11: Natrium (Na), Alkalimetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FFD8AA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Magnesium" title="Magnesium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 12: Magnesium (Mg), Erdalkalimetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td colspan="24">
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #d0d0d0;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Aluminium" title="Aluminium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 13: Aluminium (Al), Metall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #000000; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #CD853F;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Silicium" title="Silicium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 14: Silicium (Si), Halbmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #BAEEAB;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Phosphor" title="Phosphor"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 15: Phosphor (P), Nichtmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #BAEEAB;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Schwefel" title="Schwefel"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 16: Schwefel (S), Nichtmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #EEEEAA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Chlor" title="Chlor"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 17: Chlor (Cl), Halogen">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #D7EEFD;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Argon" title="Argon"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 18: Argon (Ar), Edelgas">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FFC1AA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Kalium" title="Kalium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 19: Kalium (K), Alkalimetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FFD8AA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Calcium" title="Calcium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 20: Calcium (Ca), Erdalkalimetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Scandium" title="Scandium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 21: Scandium (Sc), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td colspan="14">
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Titan_(Element)" title="Titan (Element)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 22: Titan (Ti), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Vanadium" title="Vanadium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 23: Vanadium (V), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Chrom" title="Chrom"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 24: Chrom (Cr), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Mangan" title="Mangan"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 25: Mangan (Mn), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Eisen" title="Eisen"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 26: Eisen (Fe), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Cobalt" title="Cobalt"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 27: Cobalt (Co), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Nickel" title="Nickel"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 28: Nickel (Ni), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Kupfer" title="Kupfer"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 29: Kupfer (Cu), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Zink" title="Zink"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 30: Zink (Zn), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #d0d0d0;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Gallium" title="Gallium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 31: Gallium (Ga), Metall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #000000; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #CD853F;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Germanium" title="Germanium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 32: Germanium (Ge), Halbmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #000000; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #CD853F;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Arsen" title="Arsen"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 33: Arsen (As), Halbmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #000000; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #CD853F;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Selen" title="Selen"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 34: Selen (Se), Halbmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #EEEEAA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Brom" title="Brom"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 35: Brom (Br), Halogen">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #D7EEFD;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Krypton" title="Krypton"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 36: Krypton (Kr), Edelgas">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FFC1AA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Rubidium" title="Rubidium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 37: Rubidium (Rb), Alkalimetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FFD8AA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Strontium" title="Strontium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 38: Strontium (Sr), Erdalkalimetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Yttrium" title="Yttrium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 39: Yttrium (Y), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td colspan="14">
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Zirconium" title="Zirconium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 40: Zirconium (Zr), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Niob" title="Niob"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 41: Niob (Nb), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Molybd%C3%A4n" title="Molybdän"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 42: Molybdän (Mo), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Technetium" title="Technetium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 43: Technetium (Tc), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Ruthenium" title="Ruthenium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 44: Ruthenium (Ru), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Rhodium" title="Rhodium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 45: Rhodium (Rh), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Palladium" title="Palladium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 46: Palladium (Pd), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Silber" title="Silber"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 47: Silber (Ag), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Cadmium" title="Cadmium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 48: Cadmium (Cd), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #d0d0d0;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Indium" title="Indium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 49: Indium (In), Metall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #d0d0d0;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Zinn" title="Zinn"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 50: Zinn (Sn), Metall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #000000; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #CD853F;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Antimon" title="Antimon"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 51: Antimon (Sb), Halbmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #000000; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #CD853F;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Tellur" title="Tellur"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 52: Tellur (Te), Halbmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #EEEEAA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Iod" title="Iod"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 53: Iod (I), Halogen">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #D7EEFD;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Xenon" title="Xenon"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 54: Xenon (Xe), Edelgas">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FFC1AA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Caesium" title="Caesium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 55: Caesium (Cs), Alkalimetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FFD8AA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Barium" title="Barium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 56: Barium (Ba), Erdalkalimetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Lanthan" title="Lanthan"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 57: Lanthan (La), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F3DFF3;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Cer" title="Cer"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 58: Cer (Ce), Lanthanoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F3DFF3;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Praseodym" title="Praseodym"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 59: Praseodym (Pr), Lanthanoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F3DFF3;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Neodym" title="Neodym"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 60: Neodym (Nd), Lanthanoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F3DFF3;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Promethium" title="Promethium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 61: Promethium (Pm), Lanthanoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F3DFF3;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Samarium" title="Samarium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 62: Samarium (Sm), Lanthanoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F3DFF3;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Europium" title="Europium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 63: Europium (Eu), Lanthanoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F3DFF3;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 64: Gadolinium (Gd), Lanthanoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F3DFF3;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Terbium" title="Terbium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 65: Terbium (Tb), Lanthanoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F3DFF3;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Dysprosium" title="Dysprosium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 66: Dysprosium (Dy), Lanthanoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F3DFF3;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Holmium" title="Holmium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 67: Holmium (Ho), Lanthanoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F3DFF3;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Erbium" title="Erbium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 68: Erbium (Er), Lanthanoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F3DFF3;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Thulium" title="Thulium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 69: Thulium (Tm), Lanthanoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F3DFF3;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Ytterbium" title="Ytterbium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 70: Ytterbium (Yb), Lanthanoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F3DFF3;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Lutetium" title="Lutetium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 71: Lutetium (Lu), Lanthanoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Hafnium" title="Hafnium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 72: Hafnium (Hf), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Tantal" title="Tantal"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 73: Tantal (Ta), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Wolfram" title="Wolfram"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 74: Wolfram (W), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Rhenium" title="Rhenium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 75: Rhenium (Re), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Osmium" title="Osmium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 76: Osmium (Os), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Iridium" title="Iridium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 77: Iridium (Ir), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Platin" title="Platin"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 78: Platin (Pt), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Gold" title="Gold"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 79: Gold (Au), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Quecksilber" title="Quecksilber"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 80: Quecksilber (Hg), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #d0d0d0;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Thallium" title="Thallium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 81: Thallium (Tl), Metall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #d0d0d0;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Blei" title="Blei"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 82: Blei (Pb), Metall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #d0d0d0;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Bismut" title="Bismut"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 83: Bismut (Bi), Metall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #d0d0d0;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Polonium" title="Polonium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 84: Polonium (Po), Metall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #EEEEAA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Astat" title="Astat"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 85: Astat (At), Halogen">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #D7EEFD;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Radon" title="Radon"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 86: Radon (Rn), Edelgas">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FFC1AA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Francium" title="Francium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 87: Francium (Fr), Alkalimetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FFD8AA;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Radium" title="Radium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 88: Radium (Ra), Erdalkalimetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Actinium" title="Actinium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 89: Actinium (Ac), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F2CFF1;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Thorium" title="Thorium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 90: Thorium (Th), Actinoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F2CFF1;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Protactinium" title="Protactinium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 91: Protactinium (Pa), Actinoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F2CFF1;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Uran" title="Uran"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 92: Uran (U), Actinoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F2CFF1;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Neptunium" title="Neptunium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 93: Neptunium (Np), Actinoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F2CFF1;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Plutonium" title="Plutonium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 94: Plutonium (Pu), Actinoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F2CFF1;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Americium" title="Americium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 95: Americium (Am), Actinoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F2CFF1;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Curium" title="Curium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 96: Curium (Cm), Actinoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F2CFF1;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Berkelium" title="Berkelium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 97: Berkelium (Bk), Actinoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F2CFF1;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Californium" title="Californium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 98: Californium (Cf), Actinoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F2CFF1;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 99: Einsteinium (Es), Actinoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F2CFF1;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Fermium" title="Fermium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 100: Fermium (Fm), Actinoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F2CFF1;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 101: Mendelevium (Md), Actinoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F2CFF1;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Nobelium" title="Nobelium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 102: Nobelium (No), Actinoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #F2CFF1;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Lawrencium" title="Lawrencium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 103: Lawrencium (Lr), Actinoid">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Rutherfordium" title="Rutherfordium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 104: Rutherfordium (Rf), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Dubnium" title="Dubnium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 105: Dubnium (Db), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 106: Seaborgium (Sg), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Bohrium" title="Bohrium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 107: Bohrium (Bh), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #FAD4D4;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Hassium" title="Hassium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 108: Hassium (Hs), Übergangsmetall">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #eeeeee;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 109: Meitnerium (Mt), unbekannt">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #eeeeee;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 110: Darmstadtium (Ds), unbekannt">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #eeeeee;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Roentgenium" title="Roentgenium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 111: Roentgenium (Rg), unbekannt">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #eeeeee;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Copernicium" title="Copernicium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 112: Copernicium (Cn), unbekannt">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #eeeeee;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Nihonium" title="Nihonium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 113: Nihonium (Nh), unbekannt">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #eeeeee;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Flerovium" title="Flerovium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 114: Flerovium (Fl), unbekannt">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #eeeeee;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Moscovium" title="Moscovium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 115: Moscovium (Mc), unbekannt">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #eeeeee;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Livermorium" title="Livermorium"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 116: Livermorium (Lv), unbekannt">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #eeeeee;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Tenness" title="Tenness"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 117: Tenness (Ts), unbekannt">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><div style="position:relative; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #FFFFFF; width:7px; height:9px; color:inherit; background: #eeeeee;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0;"><a href="Oganesson" title="Oganesson"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="Element 118: Oganesson (Og), unbekannt">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></a></div>
</div>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: right"><small>Lage im <a href="Periodensystem" title="Periodensystem">Periodensystem</a></small></div>
</div>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>Die <b>Halbmetalle</b> sind Elemente und stehen im <a href="Periodensystem" title="Periodensystem">Periodensystem</a> zwischen den <a href="Metalle" title="Metalle">Metallen</a> und den <a href="Nichtmetalle" title="Nichtmetalle">Nichtmetallen</a>. Sie können von der <a href="Elektrische_Leitf%C3%A4higkeit" title="Elektrische Leitfähigkeit">elektrischen Leitfähigkeit</a> und vom Aussehen her weder den Metallen noch den Nichtmetallen zugeordnet werden. Alle Halbmetalle sind <a href="Feststoff" class="mw-redirect" title="Feststoff">Feststoffe</a> bei <a href="Normalbedingungen" class="mw-redirect" title="Normalbedingungen">Normalbedingungen</a>.
</p><p><a href="Halbleiter" title="Halbleiter">Halbleiter</a> ist ein Überbegriff und umfasst Halbmetalle und <a href="III-V-Verbindungshalbleiter" title="III-V-Verbindungshalbleiter">Verbindungshalbleiter</a> gleichermaßen.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Früher wurden Halbmetalle auch als <b>Metalloide<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b> bezeichnet, wobei diese Bezeichnung auch für <a href="Nichtmetalle" title="Nichtmetalle">Nichtmetalle</a> verwendet wurde.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>


<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ältere_Definition"><span id=".C3.84ltere_Definition"></span>Ältere Definition</h3></div>
<p>Die ursprüngliche Definition der Halbmetalle gilt heute in der Chemie als veraltet. Sie definiert die Halbmetalle als eine Reihe von <a href="Chemisches_Element" title="Chemisches Element">Elementen</a>, die in der 3. bis 6.&nbsp;<a href="Hauptgruppe" title="Hauptgruppe">Hauptgruppe</a> des <a href="Periodensystem" title="Periodensystem">Periodensystems</a> stehen.<sup id="cite_ref-roempp_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roempp-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Zu den Halbmetallen gehören die folgenden Elemente:<sup id="cite_ref-Peter_Paetzold_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peter_Paetzold-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<table class="centered" border="0" style="border-collapse:collapse;">
<tbody><tr>
<td style="width:10%">B
</td>
<td style="width:32%"><a href="Bor" title="Bor">Bor</a>
</td>
<td style="width:48%">typisches Halbmetall
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Si</td>
<td><a href="Silicium" title="Silicium">Silicium</a></td>
<td>typisches Halbmetall
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Ge</td>
<td><a href="Germanium" title="Germanium">Germanium</a></td>
<td>ist eher ein Metall
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>As</td>
<td><a href="Arsen" title="Arsen">Arsen</a></td>
<td>typisches Halbmetall
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Sb</td>
<td><a href="Antimon" title="Antimon">Antimon</a></td>
<td>ist eher ein Metall
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Bi</td>
<td><a href="Bismut" title="Bismut">Bismut</a></td>
<td>ist eher ein Metall
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Se</td>
<td><a href="Selen" title="Selen">Selen</a></td>
<td>ist eher ein Nichtmetall
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Te</td>
<td><a href="Tellur" title="Tellur">Tellur</a></td>
<td>typisches Halbmetall
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Po</td>
<td><a href="Polonium" title="Polonium">Polonium</a></td>
<td>ist ein Metall
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>Diese Elemente weisen sowohl Eigenschaften von <a href="Metalle" title="Metalle">Metallen</a> als auch Eigenschaften klassischer <a href="Nichtleiter" title="Nichtleiter">Nichtleiter</a> auf. Sie kommen meist in zwei <a href="Allotropie" title="Allotropie">allotropen</a> <a href="Modifikation_(Chemie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Modifikation (Chemie)">Kristallmodifikationen</a> vor, von denen die eine metallischen, die andere nichtmetallischen Charakter trägt. Im Allgemeinen ist ihre <a href="Elektrische_Leitf%C3%A4higkeit" title="Elektrische Leitfähigkeit">elektrische Leitfähigkeit</a> bei <a href="Raumtemperatur" title="Raumtemperatur">Raumtemperatur</a> ziemlich klein, nimmt aber mit zunehmender <a href="Temperatur" title="Temperatur">Temperatur</a> stark zu, im Gegensatz zu Metallen. Deswegen werden Halbmetalle auch als elementare <a href="Halbleiter" title="Halbleiter">Halbleiter</a> bezeichnet.
</p><p>Tatsächlich sind aber viele dieser Elemente klassische <a href="Halbleiter" title="Halbleiter">Halbleiter</a> wie <a href="Germanium" title="Germanium">Germanium</a> oder <a href="Silicium" title="Silicium">Silicium</a>. Ihre äußere <a href="Elektronenschale" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektronenschale">Elektronenschale</a> ist mit drei bis sechs <a href="Elektron" title="Elektron">Elektronen</a> besetzt, deswegen können sie sowohl Elektronen abgeben als auch aufnehmen.
</p><p>Im <a href="Periodensystem" title="Periodensystem">Periodensystem</a> finden sich die Halbmetalle in einer Diagonalen zwischen <a href="Bor" title="Bor">Bor</a> und <a href="Astat" title="Astat">Astat</a>. Elemente, die rechts oberhalb dieser Linie liegen, sind <a href="Nichtmetalle" title="Nichtmetalle">Nichtmetalle</a>. Elemente, die links unterhalb dieser Linie liegen, sind Metalle.
</p>
<table class="centered" style="border:thin ridge gray">
<tbody><tr>
<th>H</th>
<th colspan="17">&nbsp;</th>
<th>He
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th>Li</th>
<th>Be</th>
<th colspan="11">&nbsp;</th>
<th bgcolor="#FFC000"><a href="Bor" title="Bor">B</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFF000"><a href="Kohlenstoff" title="Kohlenstoff">C</a></th>
<th>N</th>
<th>O</th>
<th>F</th>
<th>Ne
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th>Na</th>
<th>Mg</th>
<th colspan="11">&nbsp;</th>
<th>Al</th>
<th bgcolor="#FFC000"><a href="Silicium" title="Silicium">Si</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFF000"><a href="Phosphor" title="Phosphor">P</a></th>
<th>S</th>
<th>Cl</th>
<th>Ar
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th>K</th>
<th>Ca</th>
<th>Sc</th>
<th>&nbsp;</th>
<th>Ti</th>
<th>V</th>
<th>Cr</th>
<th>Mn</th>
<th>Fe</th>
<th>Co</th>
<th>Ni</th>
<th>Cu</th>
<th>Zn</th>
<th>Ga</th>
<th bgcolor="#FFF000"><a href="Germanium" title="Germanium">Ge</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFC000"><a href="Arsen" title="Arsen">As</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFF000"><a href="Selen" title="Selen">Se</a></th>
<th>Br</th>
<th>Kr
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th>Rb</th>
<th>Sr</th>
<th>Y</th>
<th>&nbsp;</th>
<th>Zr</th>
<th>Nb</th>
<th>Mo</th>
<th>Tc</th>
<th>Ru</th>
<th>Rh</th>
<th>Pd</th>
<th>Ag</th>
<th>Cd</th>
<th>In</th>
<th>Sn</th>
<th bgcolor="#FFF000"><a href="Antimon" title="Antimon">Sb</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFC000"><a href="Tellur" title="Tellur">Te</a></th>
<th>I</th>
<th>Xe
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th>Cs</th>
<th>Ba</th>
<th>La</th>
<th>*</th>
<th>Hf</th>
<th>Ta</th>
<th>W</th>
<th>Re</th>
<th>Os</th>
<th>Ir</th>
<th>Pt</th>
<th>Au</th>
<th>Hg</th>
<th>Tl</th>
<th>Pb</th>
<th>Bi</th>
<th bgcolor="#FFF000"><a href="Polonium" title="Polonium">Po</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFF000"><a href="Astat" title="Astat">At</a></th>
<th>Rn
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th>Fr</th>
<th>Ra</th>
<th>Ac</th>
<th>**</th>
<th>Rf</th>
<th>Db</th>
<th>Sg</th>
<th>Bh</th>
<th>Hs</th>
<th>Mt</th>
<th>Ds</th>
<th>Rg</th>
<th>Cn</th>
<th>Nh</th>
<th>Fl</th>
<th>Mc</th>
<th>Lv</th>
<th>Ts</th>
<th>Og
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="19">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3">&nbsp;</th>
<th>*</th>
<th>Ce</th>
<th>Pr</th>
<th>Nd</th>
<th>Pm</th>
<th>Sm</th>
<th>Eu</th>
<th>Gd</th>
<th>Tb</th>
<th>Dy</th>
<th>Ho</th>
<th>Er</th>
<th>Tm</th>
<th>Yb</th>
<th>Lu</th>
<th>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3">&nbsp;</th>
<th>**</th>
<th>Th</th>
<th>Pa</th>
<th>U</th>
<th>Np</th>
<th>Pu</th>
<th>Am</th>
<th>Cm</th>
<th>Bk</th>
<th>Cf</th>
<th>Es</th>
<th>Fm</th>
<th>Md</th>
<th>No</th>
<th>Lr</th>
<th>
</th></tr></tbody></table>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neuere_Definition">Neuere Definition</h3></div>
<p>In der neueren Definition der Halbmetalle, die zunehmend in der <a href="Chemie" title="Chemie">Chemie</a> und vor allem in der <a href="Physik" title="Physik">Physik</a> verwendet wird, bezieht man sich mehr auf die <a href="Bandstruktur" title="Bandstruktur">Bandstruktur</a> der <a href="Festk%C3%B6rper" title="Festkörper">Festkörper</a> als nur auf die physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften. Halbmetalle sind danach kristalline Festkörper mit einer <a href="Bandl%C3%BCcke" title="Bandlücke">Bandlücke</a>, die den Wert Null oder einen Wert im Bereich der <a href="Thermische_Energie" title="Thermische Energie">thermischen Energie</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle k_{\mathrm {B} }T}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>k</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mi>T</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle k_{\mathrm {B} }T}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/8f94ae5846245c2ada025b27e9ce209d1299ccd5.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.243ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle k_{\mathrm {B} }T}" loading="lazy"></span> hat, wobei <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle k_{\mathrm {B} }}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>k</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle k_{\mathrm {B} }}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/c9b90d21a1c8fb907fddab1caded3b7f1eeffe3d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.607ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle k_{\mathrm {B} }}" loading="lazy"></span> die <a href="Boltzmann-Konstante" title="Boltzmann-Konstante">Boltzmann-Konstante</a> und <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle T}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>T</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle T}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/ec7200acd984a1d3a3d7dc455e262fbe54f7f6e0.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.636ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle T}" loading="lazy"></span> die absolute <a href="Temperatur" title="Temperatur">Temperatur</a> ist.<sup id="cite_ref-roempp_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roempp-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Typische Vertreter aus dem Bereich der Elemente sind die <a href="Kohlenstoff" title="Kohlenstoff">Kohlenstoff</a>-Modifikation <a href="Graphit" title="Graphit">Graphit</a> und graues <a href="Zinn" title="Zinn">Zinn</a> (α-Sn).<sup id="cite_ref-roempp_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roempp-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Eine exakte Zuordnung ist allerdings sehr schwierig, da, wie erwähnt, die unterschiedlichen Kristallmodifikationen meist unterschiedliche Eigenschaften besitzen. So ist weißes Zinn (β-Sn) ein <a href="Metalle" title="Metalle">Metall</a> und graues Zinn (α-Sn) ein <a href="Halbleiter" title="Halbleiter">Halbleiter</a>, letzteres kann aber auch als Halbmetall bezeichnet werden. Die Zuordnung sollte deshalb nach der häufigsten <a href="Modifikation_(Chemie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Modifikation (Chemie)">Modifikation</a> bei <a href="Raumtemperatur" title="Raumtemperatur">Raumtemperatur</a> und <a href="Normaldruck" class="mw-redirect" title="Normaldruck">Normaldruck</a> erfolgen.
</p>
<table class="centered" style="border:thin ridge gray">
<tbody><tr>
<th>H</th>
<th colspan="17">&nbsp;</th>
<th>He
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th>Li</th>
<th>Be</th>
<th colspan="11">&nbsp;</th>
<th bgcolor="#FFC000"><a href="Bor" title="Bor">B</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFC000"><a href="Kohlenstoff" title="Kohlenstoff">C</a></th>
<th>N</th>
<th>O</th>
<th>F</th>
<th>Ne
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th>Na</th>
<th>Mg</th>
<th colspan="11">&nbsp;</th>
<th bgcolor="#A9A9A9"><a href="Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Al</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFC000"><a href="Silicium" title="Silicium">Si</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFC000"><a href="Phosphor" title="Phosphor">P</a></th>
<th>S</th>
<th>Cl</th>
<th>Ar
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th>K</th>
<th>Ca</th>
<th>Sc</th>
<th>&nbsp;</th>
<th>Ti</th>
<th>V</th>
<th>Cr</th>
<th>Mn</th>
<th>Fe</th>
<th>Co</th>
<th>Ni</th>
<th>Cu</th>
<th>Zn</th>
<th bgcolor="#A9A9A9"><a href="Gallium" title="Gallium">Ga</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFC000"><a href="Germanium" title="Germanium">Ge</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFF000"><a href="Arsen" title="Arsen">As</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFC000"><a href="Selen" title="Selen">Se</a></th>
<th>Br</th>
<th>Kr
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th>Rb</th>
<th>Sr</th>
<th>Y</th>
<th>&nbsp;</th>
<th>Zr</th>
<th>Nb</th>
<th>Mo</th>
<th>Tc</th>
<th>Ru</th>
<th>Rh</th>
<th>Pd</th>
<th>Ag</th>
<th>Cd</th>
<th bgcolor="#A9A9A9"><a href="Indium" title="Indium">In</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#A9A9A9"><a href="Zinn" title="Zinn">Sn</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFF000"><a href="Antimon" title="Antimon">Sb</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFC000"><a href="Tellur" title="Tellur">Te</a></th>
<th>I</th>
<th>Xe
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th>Cs</th>
<th>Ba</th>
<th>La</th>
<th>*</th>
<th>Hf</th>
<th>Ta</th>
<th>W</th>
<th>Re</th>
<th>Os</th>
<th>Ir</th>
<th>Pt</th>
<th>Au</th>
<th>Hg</th>
<th bgcolor="#A9A9A9"><a href="Thallium" title="Thallium">Tl</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#A9A9A9"><a href="Blei" title="Blei">Pb</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#A9A9A9"><a href="Bismut" title="Bismut">Bi</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFF000"><a href="Polonium" title="Polonium">Po</a></th>
<th bgcolor="#FFF000"><a href="Astat" title="Astat">At</a></th>
<th>Rn
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th>Fr</th>
<th>Ra</th>
<th>Ac</th>
<th>**</th>
<th>Rf</th>
<th>Db</th>
<th>Sg</th>
<th>Bh</th>
<th>Hs</th>
<th>Mt</th>
<th>Ds</th>
<th>Rg</th>
<th>Cn</th>
<th>Nh</th>
<th>Fl</th>
<th>Mc</th>
<th>Lv</th>
<th>Ts</th>
<th>Og
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="19">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3">&nbsp;</th>
<th>*</th>
<th>Ce</th>
<th>Pr</th>
<th>Nd</th>
<th>Pm</th>
<th>Sm</th>
<th>Eu</th>
<th>Gd</th>
<th>Tb</th>
<th>Dy</th>
<th>Ho</th>
<th>Er</th>
<th>Tm</th>
<th>Yb</th>
<th>Lu</th>
<th>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="3">&nbsp;</th>
<th>**</th>
<th>Th</th>
<th>Pa</th>
<th>U</th>
<th>Np</th>
<th>Pu</th>
<th>Am</th>
<th>Cm</th>
<th>Bk</th>
<th>Cf</th>
<th>Es</th>
<th>Fm</th>
<th>Md</th>
<th>No</th>
<th>Lr</th>
<th>
</th></tr></tbody></table>
<ul><li>B, C (Graphit), Si, P (schwarzer), Ge, Se (graues), Te sind nach dieser Klassifikation <a href="Halbleiter" title="Halbleiter">Halbleiter</a>.</li>
<li>As, Sb, Po, At sind nach dieser Klassifikation Halbmetalle.</li>
<li>Al, Ga, In, Sn, Tl, Pb, Bi sind <a href="Metalle" title="Metalle">Metalle</a>.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eigenschaften">Eigenschaften</h2></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physikalische_Eigenschaften">Physikalische Eigenschaften</h3></div>
<p>Als Halbmetalle werden die <a href="Chemisches_Element" title="Chemisches Element">chemischen Elemente</a> bezeichnet, die in ihren Eigenschaften eine Zwischenstellung zwischen den <a href="Metalle" title="Metalle">Metallen</a> und den <a href="Nichtmetalle" title="Nichtmetalle">Nichtmetallen</a> einnehmen. Sie weisen halbleitende und <a href="Amphoter" title="Amphoter">amphotere</a> Eigenschaften auf, sind aber nicht mit der Stoffgruppe der <a href="Halbleiter" title="Halbleiter">Halbleiter</a> identisch. Es handelt sich bei Halbmetallen um <a href="Feststoff" class="mw-redirect" title="Feststoff">Feststoffe</a>, die teilweise sowohl metallische als auch nichtmetallische Modifikationen bilden. Dazu betrachtet man u.&nbsp;a. die <a href="Elektrische_Leitf%C3%A4higkeit" title="Elektrische Leitfähigkeit">elektrische Leitfähigkeit</a> der <a href="Kristall" title="Kristall">kristallinen</a> Feststoffe. Zahlreiche Halbmetalle haben Halbleitereigenschaften, d.&nbsp;h., sie weisen eine mittlere elektrische Leitfähigkeit auf, die mit steigender <a href="Temperatur" title="Temperatur">Temperatur</a> wächst. Allerdings sind die Begriffe Halbleiter und Halbmetall keine <a href="Synonym" title="Synonym">Synonyme</a>. So gibt es halbleitende <a href="Oxide" title="Oxide">Oxide</a> und <a href="Polymer" title="Polymer">Polymere</a>, die keine Halbmetalle, sondern <a href="Chemische_Verbindung" title="Chemische Verbindung">Verbindungen</a> sind. Die spezifische Leitfähigkeit von Halbleitern wie <a href="Silicium" title="Silicium">Silicium</a> oder <a href="Germanium" title="Germanium">Germanium</a> ist um mehrere Größenordnungen geringer als die der Metalle.
</p><p>Die elektrischen Eigenschaften der <a href="Halbleiter" title="Halbleiter">Halbleiter</a> kann man mit dem <a href="B%C3%A4ndermodell" title="Bändermodell">Bändermodell</a> erklären. Nach diesem Modell befinden sich die <a href="Elektron" title="Elektron">Elektronen</a> im <a href="Valenzband" title="Valenzband">Valenzband</a>, das durch eine <a href="Bandl%C3%BCcke" title="Bandlücke">Bandlücke</a> von dem höher liegenden <a href="Leitungsband" title="Leitungsband">Leitungsband</a> getrennt ist. In Halbleitern sind bei tiefen <a href="Temperatur" title="Temperatur">Temperaturen</a> praktisch alle Elektronen im Valenzband. Bei den Elementen der 4.&nbsp;<a href="Hauptgruppe" title="Hauptgruppe">Hauptgruppe</a> wie <a href="Silicium" title="Silicium">Silicium</a> und <a href="Germanium" title="Germanium">Germanium</a> ist dieses dann vollständig besetzt, sodass kein <a href="Elektrischer_Strom" title="Elektrischer Strom">Strom</a> fließen kann. Aber bereits bei <a href="Zimmertemperatur" class="mw-redirect" title="Zimmertemperatur">Zimmertemperatur</a> haben die Elektronen ausreichend <a href="Energie" title="Energie">Energie</a>, um die Bandlücke zu überwinden und in das Leitungsband überzugehen. Die <a href="Elektrische_Leitf%C3%A4higkeit" title="Elektrische Leitfähigkeit">Leitfähigkeit</a> nimmt dann mit der Temperatur stark zu.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<table class="wikitable">
<caption>Die Werte beziehen sich auf die häufigste Modifikation bei Raumtemperatur und Normaldruck.
</caption>
<tbody><tr>
<th>Element
</th>
<th><a href="Bor" title="Bor">Bor</a>
</th>
<th><a href="Kohlenstoff" title="Kohlenstoff">Kohlenstoff</a>
</th>
<th><a href="Silicium" title="Silicium">Silicium</a>
</th>
<th><a href="Phosphor" title="Phosphor">Phosphor</a>
</th>
<th><a href="Germanium" title="Germanium">Germanium</a>
</th>
<th><a href="Arsen" title="Arsen">Arsen</a>
</th>
<th><a href="Selen" title="Selen">Selen</a>
</th>
<th><a href="Antimon" title="Antimon">Antimon</a>
</th>
<th><a href="Tellur" title="Tellur">Tellur</a>
</th>
<th><a href="Astat" title="Astat">Astat</a>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><b><a href="Schmelzpunkt" title="Schmelzpunkt">Schmelzpunkt</a> in <a href="%C2%B0C" class="mw-redirect" title="°C">°C</a></b> (1013 hPa)<sup id="cite_ref-ullmann_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ullmann-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>2076
</td>
<td>3642
</td>
<td>1410
</td>
<td>44,2
</td>
<td>938,3
</td>
<td>613
</td>
<td>221
</td>
<td>630,63
</td>
<td>449,51
</td>
<td>575
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b><a href="Siedepunkt" title="Siedepunkt">Siedepunkt</a> in <a href="%C2%B0C" class="mw-redirect" title="°C">°C</a></b> (1013 hPa)<sup id="cite_ref-ullmann_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ullmann-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>3930
</td>
<td>3642
</td>
<td>3260
</td>
<td>280
</td>
<td>2830
</td>
<td>613
</td>
<td>685
</td>
<td>1635
</td>
<td>990
</td>
<td>610
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b><a href="Dichte" title="Dichte">Dichte</a> in <a href="Gramm" title="Gramm">g</a>/<a href="Cm%C2%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Cm³">cm³</a></b> (20&nbsp;°C, 1013 hPa)<sup id="cite_ref-ullmann_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ullmann-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>2,460
</td>
<td>2,26
</td>
<td>2,336
</td>
<td>1,83
</td>
<td>5,323
</td>
<td>5,73
</td>
<td>4,819
</td>
<td>6,697
</td>
<td>6,24
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b><a href="Mohsh%C3%A4rte" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohshärte">Mohshärte</a></b>
</td>
<td>9,3
</td>
<td>0,5
</td>
<td>6,5
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>6,0
</td>
<td>3,5
</td>
<td>2,0
</td>
<td>3,0
</td>
<td>2,25
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b><a href="Elektrische_Leitf%C3%A4higkeit" title="Elektrische Leitfähigkeit">Elektrische Leitfähigkeit</a> in <a href="Siemens_(Einheit)" title="Siemens (Einheit)">S</a>/<a href="Meter" title="Meter">m</a></b>
</td>
<td>1,0 · 10<sup>−4</sup>
</td>
<td>3 · 10<sup>6</sup>
</td>
<td>2,52 · 10<sup>−4</sup>
</td>
<td>1,0 · 10<sup>−9</sup>
</td>
<td>1,45–2,2
</td>
<td>3,03 · 10<sup>6</sup>
</td>
<td>1,0 · 10<sup>−10</sup>
</td>
<td>2,5 · 10<sup>6</sup>
</td>
<td>1 · 10<sup>4</sup>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b><a href="W%C3%A4rmeleitf%C3%A4higkeit" title="Wärmeleitfähigkeit">Wärmeleitfähigkeit</a> in <a href="Watt_(Einheit)" title="Watt (Einheit)">W</a>/(<a href="Meter" title="Meter">m</a>·<a href="Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a>)</b>
</td>
<td>27
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>150
</td>
<td>0,236
</td>
<td>60
</td>
<td>50
</td>
<td>0,52
</td>
<td>24
</td>
<td>3
</td>
<td>2
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b><a href="Dissoziationsenergie" class="mw-redirect" title="Dissoziationsenergie">Dissoziationsenergie</a> in <a href="Kilojoule" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilojoule">&nbsp;kJ</a>/<a href="Mol" title="Mol">mol</a></b>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>314,8
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>302,7
</td>
<td>308
</td>
<td>262,5
</td>
<td>225
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b><a href="Bandl%C3%BCcke" title="Bandlücke">Bandlücke</a> in <a href="Elektronenvolt" title="Elektronenvolt">eV</a></b>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>1,12
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>0,67
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>1,74
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b><a href="Ordnungszahl" title="Ordnungszahl">Ordnungszahl</a></b>
</td>
<td>5
</td>
<td>6
</td>
<td>14
</td>
<td>15
</td>
<td>32
</td>
<td>33
</td>
<td>34
</td>
<td>51
</td>
<td>52
</td>
<td>85
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b><a href="Atommasse" title="Atommasse">Atommasse</a> in <a href="Atomare_Masseneinheit" title="Atomare Masseneinheit">u</a></b>
</td>
<td>10,81
</td>
<td>12,011
</td>
<td>28,085
</td>
<td>30,974
</td>
<td>72,630
</td>
<td>74,922
</td>
<td>78,971
</td>
<td>121,760
</td>
<td>127,60
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b><a href="Elektronegativit%C3%A4t" title="Elektronegativität">Elektronegativität</a></b>
</td>
<td>2,04
</td>
<td>2,55
</td>
<td>1,90
</td>
<td>2,19
</td>
<td>2,01
</td>
<td>2,18
</td>
<td>2,55
</td>
<td>2,05
</td>
<td>2,1
</td>
<td>2,2
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b><a href="Modifikation_(Chemie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Modifikation (Chemie)">Modifikationen</a></b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r261937660">
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</style>&nbsp;<span class="fussnoten-etui reference"><sup class="fussnoten-marke" data-annotationpair-m="(1)">(1)</sup></span>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><b><a href="Graphit" title="Graphit">Graphit</a></b><br><a href="Diamant" title="Diamant">Diamant</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>weiß<br><b>schwarz</b><br>rot<br>violett
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><b>grau</b><br>gelb<br>schwarz
</td>
<td><b>grau</b><br>schwarz<br>rot
</td>
<td><b>grau</b><br>schwarz
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><b><a href="Kristallsystem" title="Kristallsystem">Kristallsystem</a></b>&nbsp;<span class="fussnoten-etui reference"><sup class="fussnoten-marke" data-annotationpair-m="(2)">(2)</sup></span>
</td>
<td>P<span style="text-decoration:overline">3</span>
</td>
<td><a href="Graphit" title="Graphit">Graphit</a>: h<br><a href="Diamant" title="Diamant">Diamant</a>: A4
</td>
<td>A4
</td>
<td>cl
</td>
<td>A4
</td>
<td>P<span style="text-decoration:overline">3</span>
</td>
<td>h
</td>
<td>P<span style="text-decoration:overline">3</span>
</td>
<td>h
</td>
<td>cF
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<dl><dd><div class="fussnoten-block"><div class="fussnoten-inhalt references"><sup class="fussnoten-marke mw-cite-backlink" data-annotationpair-a="(1)">(1)</sup>&nbsp;<div class="reference-text">Die häufigste Modifikation ist fett markiert.</div></div></div></dd>
<dd><div class="fussnoten-block"><div class="fussnoten-inhalt references"><sup class="fussnoten-marke mw-cite-backlink" data-annotationpair-a="(2)">(2)</sup>&nbsp;<div class="reference-text">cl: <a href="Kubisch_raumzentriert" class="mw-redirect" title="Kubisch raumzentriert">kubisch raumzentriert</a>, cF: <a href="Kubisch_fl%C3%A4chenzentriert" class="mw-redirect" title="Kubisch flächenzentriert">kubisch flächenzentriert</a>, P<span style="text-decoration:overline">3</span>: <a href="Rhomboedrisch" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhomboedrisch">rhomboedrisch</a>, oP: <a href="Orthorhombisches_Kristallsystem" title="Orthorhombisches Kristallsystem">orthorhombisch</a>, A4: <a href="Diamantstruktur" title="Diamantstruktur">Diamantstruktur</a>, h: <a href="Hexagonales_Kristallsystem" title="Hexagonales Kristallsystem">hexagonal</a></div></div></div></dd></dl>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chemische_Eigenschaften">Chemische Eigenschaften</h3></div>
<p>Die Zwischenstellung der Halbmetalle zeigt sich auch im <a href="Amphoter" title="Amphoter">amphoteren</a> Charakter der <a href="Chemisches_Element" title="Chemisches Element">Elemente</a> und ihrer <a href="Oxide" title="Oxide">Oxide</a>. So lösen sich die meisten Halbmetalle sowohl in <a href="S%C3%A4uren" title="Säuren">Säuren</a> als auch in <a href="Basen_(Chemie)" title="Basen (Chemie)">Basen</a>. Die Oxide können ebenfalls mit Säuren und Basen <a href="Salze" title="Salze">Salze</a> bilden. Von den meisten Halbmetallen existieren sowohl metallische als auch nichtmetallische <a href="Modifikation_(Chemie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Modifikation (Chemie)">Modifikationen</a>. Auch im <a href="Periodensystem" title="Periodensystem">Periodensystem</a> der Elemente nehmen die Halbmetalle eine Mittelstellung ein.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>
<ul><li>Graham Chedd: <i>Halbmetalle.</i> Verlag DVA, Stuttgart, 1971, ISBN 3-421-02246-1.</li>
<li>Franz Zach: <i>Leistungselektronik – Ein Handbuch.</i> 5. Auflage, Springer Verlag, Wiesbaden, 2015, ISBN 978-3-658-04898-3.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><span class="noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wiktionary"></span></span></span><b><a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Halbmetall" class="extiw external" title="wikt:Halbmetall">Wiktionary: Halbmetall</a></b>&nbsp;– Bedeutungserklärungen, Wortherkunft, Synonyme, Übersetzungen</div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&amp;query=4158819-8">Literatur von und über Halbmetalle</a> im Katalog der <a href="Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek" title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek">Deutschen Nationalbibliothek</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Graham Chedd: <i>Halbmetalle.</i> Verlag DVA. Stuttgart 1971, ISBN 3-421-02246-1.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Franz Zach: <cite style="font-style:italic">Leistungselektronik - Ein Handbuch</cite>. 5. Auflage. Springer Verlag, Wiesbaden 2015, ISBN 978-3-658-04898-3, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1827</span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Halbmetalle&amp;rft.au=Franz+Zach&amp;rft.btitle=Leistungselektronik+-+Ein+Handbuch&amp;rft.date=2015&amp;rft.edition=5&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9783658048983&amp;rft.pages=1827&amp;rft.place=Wiesbaden&amp;rft.pub=Springer+Verlag" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilhelm Steffen: <cite style="font-style:italic">Lehrbuch der anorganischen reinen und technischen Chemie (experimental-Chemie).: Die Metalloide</cite>. Maier, 1889, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>22</span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=czBGAAAAYAAJ&amp;newbks=0&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;pg=PA22&amp;dq=Metalloide&amp;hl=de">books.google.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Halbmetalle&amp;rft.au=Wilhelm+Steffen&amp;rft.btitle=Lehrbuch+der+anorganischen+reinen+und+technischen+Chemie+%28experimental-Chemie%29.%3A+Die+Metalloide&amp;rft.date=1889&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=22&amp;rft.pub=Maier" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Christa-Maria Eulitz, Sigrid Scheuermann, Hans-Joachim Thier: <cite style="font-style:italic">Brockhaus ABC Chemie</cite>. F.A. Brockhaus, 1965 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FlrVAAAAMAAJ&amp;newbks=0&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;dq=%2522Metalloide%2522+%2522nichtmetalle%2522+%2522halbmetalle%2522&amp;q=%2522Metalloide%2522+%2522nichtmetalle%2522+%2522halbmetalle%2522&amp;hl=de">books.google.com</a>).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Halbmetalle&amp;rft.au=Christa-Maria+Eulitz%2C+Sigrid+Scheuermann%2C+Hans-Joachim+Thier&amp;rft.btitle=Brockhaus+ABC+Chemie&amp;rft.date=1965&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pub=F.A.+Brockhaus" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-roempp-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-roempp_5-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-roempp_5-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-roempp_5-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Eintrag zu <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roempp.thieme.de/lexicon/RD-08-00226"><i>Halbmetalle</i></a>. In: <i><a href="R%C3%B6mpp_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Römpp Online">Römpp Online</a>.</i> Georg Thieme Verlag, abgerufen am 23.&nbsp;Oktober 2013.<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Peter_Paetzold-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Peter_Paetzold_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter Paetzold: <cite style="font-style:italic">Chemie: Eine Einführung</cite>. Walter de Gruyter, 2009, ISBN 3-11-021135-1, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>32</span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.de/books?id=rVuSsDZr5CAC&amp;pg=PA32#v=onepage">eingeschränkte Vorschau</a> in der Google-Buchsuche).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Halbmetalle&amp;rft.au=Peter+Paetzold&amp;rft.btitle=Chemie%3A+Eine+Einf%C3%BChrung&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=3110211351&amp;rft.pages=32&amp;rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Duden Learnattack GmbH: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lernhelfer.de/schuelerlexikon/chemie/artikel/halbmetalle">Halbmetalle</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-ullmann-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ullmann_8-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ullmann_8-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ullmann_8-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">P. Häussinger, R. Glatthaar, W. Rhode, H. Kick, C. Benkmann, J. Weber, H.-J. Wunschel, V. Stenke, E. Leicht, H. Stenger: <i>Noble Gases.</i> In: <i><a href="Ullmann's_Encyclopedia_of_Industrial_Chemistry" class="mw-redirect" title="Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry">Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry</a>.</i> Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2006 (<a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/14356007.a17_485">10.1002/14356007.a17_485</a></span>).</span>
</li>
</ol>
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<div class="klappleiste-kopf"><a href="Elementkategorie" title="Elementkategorie">Elementkategorien</a> im <a href="Periodensystem" title="Periodensystem">Periodensystem</a></div>
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<p><span style="background-color:OrangeRed;"><a href="Alkalimetalle" title="Alkalimetalle">Alkalimetalle</a></span>&nbsp;|
<span style="background-color:DarkOrange;"><a href="Erdalkalimetalle" title="Erdalkalimetalle">Erdalkalimetalle</a></span>&nbsp;|
<span style="background-color:Khaki;"><a href="Halogene" title="Halogene">Halogene</a></span>&nbsp;|
<span style="background-color:LightskyBlue;"><a href="Edelgase" title="Edelgase">Edelgase</a></span>&nbsp;|
<span style="background-color:Plum;"><a href="Lanthanoide" title="Lanthanoide">Lanthanoide</a></span>&nbsp;|
<span style="background-color:Orchid;"><a href="Actinoide" title="Actinoide">Actinoide</a></span>&nbsp;|
<span style="background-color:LightCoral;"><a href="%C3%9Cbergangsmetalle" title="Übergangsmetalle">Übergangsmetalle</a></span>&nbsp;|
<span style="background-color:DarkGray;"><a href="Metalle" title="Metalle">Metalle</a></span>&nbsp;|
<span style="background-color:Peru;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Halbmetalle</a></span>&nbsp;|
<span style="background-color:LimeGreen;"><a href="Nichtmetalle" title="Nichtmetalle">Nichtmetalle</a></span>
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Normdaten&nbsp;(Sachbegriff): <a href="Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4158819-8">4158819-8</a></span> | <a href="Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85119926">sh85119926</a></span> | <a href="Web_NDL_Authorities" title="Web NDL Authorities">NDL</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlsh/00575225">00575225</a></span> </div>
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